Background: The Immediate loading (IL) protocol has gained increased popularity among surgeons in the last decade.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of microtextured single-tooth IMPLANTs using IL protocol six months after loading.Patients and Methods: In this case series, SWISSPLUS IMPLANTs (Zimmer Dental Inc, Carlsbad CA, USA) which was straight, self-tapping, 12 mm length and 4.1 mm diameter, were inserted into both jaws and single edentulous sites with clinically and radiologically healed bone by an experienced surgeon. In the test group (with IL protocol), one week after the surgery, the provisional crowns and abutments were loaded, and definitive restorations were delivered three months postoperatively. The factors including pain, mobility, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and marginal bone loss (MBL) were investigated six months after the IL. The Mc Nemar and Wilcoxon tests were used for nominal variables and the paired ttest was also used for quantitative variables.Results: Twenty-five IMPLANTs were placed in 23 patients at Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. The test group included 15 patients (16 IMPLANTs) treated with immediately loaded single-tooth IMPLANTs. The survival rate was 100% in both groups. In test, a significant reduction was measured in PD and pain; moreover, no statistically significant difference was noted between follow-ups with regard to mobility and BOP. The mean PD values six months for test and nine months for control after installation were 2.548 mm and 2.694 mm, respectively. Marginal bone loss was significantly decreased in the test group between the follow-ups.Conclusions: Consequently, this study shows promising results for IL of single IMPLANTs, and it can be considerable that treatment with microtextured surface IMPLANTs is a predictable and appropriate method of treatment.

Background. Modern oral IMPLANTology and IMPLANT prosthetics depend on comprehensive diagnostics and precise planning to ensure the desired outcome and meet the patient’ s and the dentist’ s expectations. Methods. In this context, digital IMPLANT planning and guided IMPLANT surgery based on three-dimensional radiographic data and the digitised intraoral surfaces can be of excellent service. They provide valuable information and permit stringent backward planning to optimise the IMPLANTological and prosthetic result, improving the safety and efficiency of the surgical procedure and rendering the restorative outcome more predictable in terms of function, biology and aesthetics. Results. template-guided IMPLANT surgery carries its own specific risks in terms of manufacturing inaccuracies and application errors. Conclusions. These possible sources of error must be recognised and carefully considered in order to avoid adverse consequences.

Introduction. Endodontic IMPLANTs are used to ratain teeth with periodontal bone resorption and/or short roots. The IMPLANTs are placed from inside of root canal passing the apex into the periapical bone. Teeth with horizontal root fracture. Clinically mobile teeth, teeth with periodontal bone resorption, teeth with reduced root / crown ratio. Anatomic considerations around the root apex. Methods: After case selection, twenty five endodontic IMPLANTs were placed in selected teeth. The cromcobalt and/or titanium IMPLANTs were placed using Frank"s method.Results. After three years of radiographic evaluation, 3 of the cases failed and the rest of the samples were completely normal. The success rate was 88 percent.Discussion. Endodontic IMPLANTs allow us to treat teeth with mobility due to root fracture, bone resorption, of reduced crown / root ratio. The success rate in this investigation was 88 percent which was comparable to 91 percent success rate in the similar research. Regarding the success rate of investigations of endo IMPLANTs, this method is a acceptable preventive treatment to retain mobile teeth.

Preservation of bone-IMPLANT interface is vital for maintaining of IMPLANT treatment. There are some cases in which crown to fixture ratio is increased due to loss of residual ridge. In this condition knowledge of stresses acting over alveolar bone is important in regard to prognosis of treatment.In this study three different crown to fixture ratios evaluated under lateral forces considering stresses generated in the alveolar bone around the IMPLANT.Three different models of crown to IMPLANT ratios were designed in a single-tooth IMPLANT at anterior maxilla.Model No. 1 with ratio of 1:1, model No. 2 (1.5:1) and model No. 3 (2:1) were designed. Then, the differences between stresses under two horizontal loads (70 and 100 Newton) were analyzed by three dimensional finite element analyses. Principal normal stresses and Vonmises stress were measured in this study.Results indicated that stress concentration were mainly at the crystal bone.Highest stresses were obtained in third model (2: 1 ratio), which was approximately twice as first model (1: 1) ratio.    

Background. IMPLANT dentistry treatment target to avoid any kind of edentulous state including tooth loss due to trauma, caries and pathologic events. Methods. In the literature, there are numerous case reports and few clinical studies documenting treatment options of traumatic injuries to dental IMPLANTs. Dental IMPLANT fracture is a rare biomechanical complication, however, one of the most serious and frustrating ones as it is generally associated with IMPLANT and prosthesis failure. Possible causes of IMPLANT fracture include inadequate fit of the superstructure, defects in the production or design of the material, long-term metal fatigue, magnitude or direction of occlusal forces, parafunctional habits, IMPLANT location, IMPLANT length, IMPLANT diameter, and bone resorption around the IMPLANT. In many cases, however, fractures due to bone resorption and bone resorption due to factures are hard to distinguish in retrospect Results. Except these complications one of the most frightening difficulties in dental important especially in lower jaw is jaw fracture. Mandibular fracture associated with dental IMPLANTs treatment is related with dental IMPLANT installation procedures, after inferior alveolar nerve transposition technique or mandibular distraction before IMPLANT procedure and in very rare cases due to periIMPLANTitis Conclusions. The authors want to review literatures about IMPLANT fractures or jaw fracture due to IMPLANT insertion and emphasis on causes, prevention and managements of these issues and finally introduce some cases for these types of complications.

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of short IMPLANTs (<8 mm length) as an alternative to sinus lift surgery and placement of standard-length IMPLANTs (10-12 mm length) for rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxilla. Materials and Methods: In this prospective clinical trial, 26 patients with 6-7 mm of residual alveolar bone height in their atrophic posterior maxilla were randomly divided into two groups (n=13). The test group received short IMPLANTs without sinus lift surgery while the control group received standard-length IMPLANTs after maxillary sinus floor augmentation. The bone loss was evaluated at 1 to 2 years after loading of IMPLANTs on radiographies and the comparison between the two groups was done using chi-square test. Results: At 1 year, two patients (15. 4%) in the short IMPLANT and one patient (7. 7%) in the standard IMPLANT group experienced bone loss (P=0. 5). At 2 years, four patients (30. 8%) in the short IMPLANT and two patients (15. 4%) in the standard IMPLANT group showed bone loss (P=0. 4). Conclusion: At 2 years after loading, the bone loss was not significantly different around short and standard-length IMPLANTs. Short IMPLANTs appeared to be a suitable alternative to sinus lift surgery and placement of standard-length IMPLANTs for rehabilitation of atrophic posterior maxilla. However, further studies with longer follow ups are still required to cast a final judgment in this respect.

Over the past decades dental IMPLANT with 90-98% success rate has become an integral part of reconstructive dentistry. As the supporting tissues of the IMPLANT have different structure and circumstance with natural teeth like less vascularity and different collagen fibers arrangement and amount, dental IMPLANTs are more susceptible to infection and bone resorption, thereafter an extensive and careful maintenance protocol should be followed. However, the attraction of patient to IMPLANT treatment is growing up, the maintenance protocol following treatment is ignored. This neglect or maybe lack of awareness can lead to peri-IMPLANTitis, bone resorption and finally IMPLANT failure. Although there are some risk factors for periIMPLANTitis like: smoking, history of periodontitis, limited oral hygiene, systemic disease and poor plaque control. The awareness and periodic recall of the patient by dentist (every three months in the first year and every six months thereafter) play a great role in prevention of IMPLANT failure. This study is aimed to review the maintenance protocol which is divided into two main category called professional (sonic and ultra-sonic scaler, plastic or Teflon coated curettes, oral irrigation and occlusal adjustment) and home care (manual tooth brush, mechanical tooth brush, dental floss, interproximal brush and antimicrobial). An electronic search for article in English language literature from the past 5 years about IMPLANT maintenance was performed using a systemic search process. Nowadays IMPLANT treatment has become a main part of dentistry which involves different specialties from periodontology to surgery and prosthesis, the point here is the behavior of the patient after treatment following the principle to keep the IMPLANT in a best situation to avoid failure and additional costs.